Hydrogen sulfide (H 2S) is usually considered an environmental and industrial pollutant. Furthermore, LPS first interacts with membrane protein toll-like receptor 4 ( TLR4) and activates nuclear factor-kappa B ( NF-Оє B), which translocates into the nucleus and regulates the expression of genes related to inflammation and cellular apoptosis (Fan et al., 2016 Ansari et al., 2011). coli or LPS on bovine mammary epithelial cells should be studied to improve our knowledge for preventing and treating infections (Opal et al., 1999). Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is a main component of the outer membranes of gram-negative bacteria, and causes immune response and inflammation in the bovine mammary gland. Meanwhile, excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) can trigger inflammation response caused by oxidative stress (Ray et al., 2012). Escherichia coli, a kind of gram-negative bacteria, is an important pathogen that causes bovine mastitis (Smith and Hogan, 1993). Thus, additional studies are necessary to improve prophylactic and therapeutic approaches for bovine mastitis (Melchior et al., 2006). Mastitis impairs animal health and welfare, thereby resulting in decrease of milk production, increase of economic loss, and sometimes even death (Viguier et al., 2009). The effect of mastitis on the dairy industry is highly severe worldwide. Our findings might clarify new prophylactic approaches for mastitis. In summary, exogenous H 2 S exerts anti-inflammatory effects through attenuating oxidative stress and blocking the TLR4/ NF-Оє B pathway in the LPS-induced bovine mammary epithelial cells. Furthermore, exogenous H 2S inhibited the mRNA expression of TLR4 and activation of NF-Оє B signaling pathway. Meanwhile, exogenous H 2 S decreased the intracellular ROS production and mRNA expression levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokines, TNF-О±, IL- 1ОІ, IL- 8, and IL- 6. Additionally, the production of H 2S was mitigated in the LPS-induced MAC-T cells.

The results verified that the cell viability was diminished by LPS but restored by exogenous H 2S at a physiologically relevant concentration (10вЂЇОјM). In the present study, with NaHS as a donor of H 2S, the bovine mammary epithelial cell line (MAC-T) was applied as an in vitro model to study the role of H 2 S on LPS-induced MAC-T cells. Despite the importance of H 2S in regulating inflammation, the effect and mechanism of exogenous H 2S on LPS-induced inflammation in bovine mammary epithelial cells are unknown. Hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S) is the third gasotransmitter that acts as an anti-inflammation regulator in many cells.

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) may cause immune response and inflammation in the bovine mammary gland. Mastitis impairs animal health and results in economic loss.

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